ABSTRACT
Objective To improve the usage of foam dressing at the sacrococcygeal region and observe its application effect. Methods A total of 80 hospitalized patients with high risk of pressure ulcer were chosen during May to December 2015 as study objects. Patients were drawn into the observation group and the control group, each group contained 40 members. Proper-cutting foam dressings and normal foam dressing were applied in patients by the observation group and the control group individually. Researchers made records by comparing and analyzing the usage time of dressing and the skin intact of two groups. Results The observation group used foam dressing (1.88±0.12) blocks per person, foam dressing use time was (3.87±0.34) d per block, and in the control group, they were (2.60±0.38) blocks per person, (2.13±0.89) d per block, there was significant difference between two groups (t=11.427, 11.551, P<0.05). The skin integrity rate of the observation group and the control group were 95.0%(38/40) and 75.0%(30/40), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.275, P<0.05). Conclusions This study shows that the foam dressing need to be cut appropriately before pasting so that the clinical nurses can observe patient's skin conveniently. Once the skin has pressure red, the nurse can take timely measures to deal with it, which can decrease the incidence of pressure sores. The cutting dressing prolongs the period of using without removing the viscose part, which also can reduce the medical expenses.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the distribution and clinical characteristics of gastrointestinal virus infection in infants with acute diarrhea.Methods Stool samples and clinical data were collected from 900 infants (≤5 years old) with acute diarrhea in outpatient department of Beilun District People' s Hospital during July 2012 and July 2013.Specimens were tested for 5 gastrointestinal virus including group A/B/C rotavirus (RV),adenovirus (AdV),astrovirus (AstV),sapovirus (SV) and norovirus (NV) by the multiplex PCR assay.Chi-square test was performed to compare the positive rates of virus infection among children with different genders and ages.Results Among 900 stool samples,369 were positive of gastrointestinal virus,of which 291 were positive for single virus and 78 for mixed virus.In single virus infection,NV was detected with the highest positive rate of 19.4％ (4.9％ for G Ⅰ and 14.6％ for G Ⅱ),followed by RV-A (8.2％),SV (2.9％),AstV (1.0％) and AdV (0.8％).RV-B and C type were not found.In 78 cases with mixed infections,RV-A plus NV infection was the most common one with a prevalent rate of 5.8％.The positive rate in age group ≤2 years old was 51.0％,which was significantly higher than that of age group ＞ 2-5 years old (22.1％,x2 =70.404,P ＜ 0.01).In 369 children with positive gastrointestinal virus,fever was present in 24.1％,and vomit in 35.2％ of children.Fever,vomit and fever plus vomit was more common symptoms in children with mixed infections (x2 =17.878,21.869 and 14.155,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion NV and RV-A are the most common pathogens in infants with acute diarrhea in Beilun district,especially in children younger than 2 years old.